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Hugh Brody
Hugh Brody is a British anthropologist, writer, director and lecturer. He was born in 1943 and educated at Trinity College, Oxford. He taught social anthropology at Queen's University Belfast. He is an Honorary Associate of the Scott Polar Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, and an Associate of the School for Comparative Literature at the University of Toronto.[(Hugh Brody )〕 He currently holds a Canada Research Chair at the University of the Fraser Valley in Abbotsford, British Columbia.〔(University of the Fraser Valley: Research Chairs )〕]
==Anthropologist==
In the 1960s, as a graduate student at Oxford, Hugh Brody worked as an anthropologist in Ireland. This led to his book ''Inishkillane, Change And Decline in the West of Ireland''. The field-work for this study took him to Connemara and West Cork, where he lived and worked with peasant farmers, fishermen and as a barman in a village bar. Contracted by Raidió Teilifís Éireann he spent time on Gola Island, off the coast of County Donegal, research that led to his contribution to the book ''Gola, The Life and Last Days of an Island Community'', co-authored with F. H. A. Aalen.〔''Inishkillane'', first published by Allen Lane and the Penguin Press, 1973. Subsequent editions: Shocken, New York, 1974; Douglas & McIntyre, Vancouver; Faber & Faber, London, Gola, published b y IRL:Mercier, Cork, 1969.〕
In 1969, he did his first Canadian work, supported by the Northern Science Research Group at what was then the Canadian Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. This took him to the skid row area of Edmonton, Alberta in the Canadian Prairies. His report on that work, ''Indians on Skid Row'', published in 1970, led to changes in government policy, especially in relation to Native Friendship Centres – crucial in giving support to Native people adrift in Canadian cities.〔''Indians on Skid Row'' was published by DIAND, Ottawa, 1971, as a report in its Northern Science Research Group series〕
In the 1970s, as a research officer with the Northern Science Research Group, he did extensive field work in the Arctic, living with Inuit in the communities of Pond Inlet on Baffin Island and Sanikiluaq on the Belcher Islands.〔(The peoples' champion ), The Guardian, profile, 27 January 2001.〕 He learned two dialects of Inuktitut, North Baffin and South Hudson Bay, and wrote ''The People's Land, Inuit and Whites in the Eastern Arctic''. This is a book that looks at how colonial relations, through the history of the fur trade, church missions and the Canadian government, have shaped the social and psychological circumstances of the far north. The argument and descriptions focus very much on a particular time in a particular place, but resonate with parallel experiences among indigenous peoples around the world. In the course of his work with the Northern Science Research Group, Brody also developed an innovative program that aimed to give new levels of support for families who wanted to live on the land. Brody was also one of those who in the mid-1970s first urged within the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs the idea of the separation of the Canadian north into two indigenous jurisdictions, with that of the east becoming an Inuit political territory. This came into being with the creation of Nunavut in 1999.
In 1975, Brody resigned from his position in the Canadian Civil Service. He was then based at the Scott Polar Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, where he became an Honorary Associate. In 1976–78 he worked on the Inuit Land Use and Occupancy Project, in the Northwest Territories, where he was co-ordinator for the land use mapping carried out in the North Baffin region. He also assembled an Arctic wide account of Inuit perceptions of land occupancy, building a collage of Inuit voices from all the communities of the Northwest Territories.〔See the three volume, Report of the Inuit Land Use and Occupancy Project, ed Milton Freeman, Ottawa: DIAND, 1976〕 He later worked on a similar project with Inuit and settlers of Labrador, which was published in ''Our Footsteps Are Everywhere'' (1978).〔See: Continuity and change: The Inuit settlers of Labrador. In C. Bryce-Bennett (Ed.), Our Footsteps Are Everywhere. Ottawa, ON: DIAND, 1978〕
In 1977, Brody was a witness to the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry, giving evidence on the nature of northern development, alcohol abuse and Inuit languages.〔The Berger Inquiry evidence was published in part as essays in The Polar Record, see ''Industrial impact in the Canadian north.'' Polar Record, 18(115), 333–339. (Requires log-in ) (1977), and ''Eskimo: A language with a future?'' Polar Record, 18(117), 587–592.〕 He then became a member of Justice Thomas R. Berger's staff, helping to prepare the two volume report that set out the remarkable conclusions of the inquiry.〔See Northern Homeland, Northern Frontier, The Report of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry, first published as a Canadian government report in 1978, and then as a book by Douglas & MacIntyre, Vancouver, 1987.〕
In the 1980s, working for the Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs, Brody lived and worked with the Dunne-za and Cree of northeast British Columbia – the project and experiences that led to his book ''Maps And Dreams''. This account of anthropological research and cultural mapping with a hunting community, and especially the laying of frontier development onto the ways Dunne-za and Cree see and understand their territories, became a classic of indigenous studies. Its use of alternating chapters, switching between first person narrative and social scientific writing has also given it a significant place in the history of the literature of anthropology.〔〔See Google Books reviews. Maps And Dreams was first published by Dougas & MacIntyre, Vancouver, and Norman and Hobhouse, UK, 1981. It has been in print since, in several editions and translations. Douglas & MacIntyre published an edition with a new introduction (1988). Faber & Faber, London, have published it in paperback.〕
Brody worked with Justice Berger again in 1991-2 as a member of the World Bank's Morse Commission, which had the job of assessing implications of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, a vast hydro and irrigation project in western India.〔See Sardar Sarovar, the Report of the Independent Review, first published by Resource Futures International, Ottawa, 1992. Also Berger's account of the Review: American University International Law Review, Volume 9, Issue 1, 1993,〕 His role in public inquiries and assessment of the impact of large scale developments on indigenous communities continued when he became Chairman of the Snake River Independent Review. This was a mediation between the Idaho Power Company and the Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho in relation to the building of the Bliss Dam on the Snake River in the 1950s.〔See Michael Mirande, Sustainable Natural Resource Development, Legal Dispute,and Indigenous Peoples: Problem-Solving across Cultures, 11 TUL. ENVTL. L.J. 33, 44 (1997). As one of the lawyers engaged by the Idaho Power Company, Mirande has analysed the originality, nature and some of the challenges of the Snake River Independent Review.〕
Since 1997, Brody has worked on projects in southern Africa. This began when he helped co-ordinate background research for the ‡Khomani San Land Claim in South Africa's southern Kalahari. This work led to filming many aspects of the claim, including its aftermath. In 2008, accompanied by the Canadian cinematographer Kirk Tougas, he filmed the beneficiaries of the claim as they reflected upon how it had changed their lives in the nine years since the claim was accepted. Working with the UK NGO Open Channels, and funded by the UK charity Comic Relief, Brody also led projects with and for San in Namibia and Botswana. The film work in South Africa led to the DVD ''Tracks Across Sand''〔 – four and a half hours of film edited by long-term collaborationorator Haida Paul shot in the course of land claims research, oral history and language research in the northern Cape of South Africa. This was being released in 2012/13.〔Information on this: University of the Fraser Valley, and Face To Face Media, 30 Nov / 3 December 2012. See (Hugh Brody DVD on ‡Khomani San to premiere in Chilliwack Nov 30 ) and (Hugh Brody DVD on Kalahari bushmen to premiere in Chilliwack )〕
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